Hypnos is a research harness: a notebook of mathematics near the Riemann hypothesis (a load test, not a goal), a loop of models working on it since August 11, 2026 (still running on October 2), and frontier-model sessions, which the owner, the person who runs Hypnos, starts by hand.
The owner's statement of purpose
Hard mathematics on an everyday budget: a layer of small open models, run at home, does the looking, so that frontier-model time is spent only where it counts.
Hypnos is not an attempt to show that open models can do what frontier models do. They cannot, and the harness is built on that fact. It is a pre-processing layer. Small open models (Gemma 4 at 26B and 31B, Qwen3 at 32B, in AWQ quantization) run on a home rack and read a growing notebook of mathematics continuously: a program hands them pairs of entries, and they write short candidate connections, each with a stated confidence. A frontier model, Claude Opus, reads samples of those candidates and writes the few worth a closer look back into the notebook. The expensive step, deriving something new and checking it, goes to frontier models (Claude Fable, made by Anthropic, and GPT-6 Astra, made by OpenAI) on two ordinary $200-a-month subscriptions, working on what the notebook and the review of earlier results put in front of them. Each of the four mathematics manuscripts was reviewed adversarially by the other vendor's model and ships with its checker. The hardware is ordinary too: consumer graphics cards (one of the three small models happens to be served from a workstation card). That is part of the point: open models that get more out of fewer parameters are worth continuing to develop, and this is a working example of why. The claim is modest: each tier of model has a job it is the right size for, and hard problems do not need an industrial budget to be worked on seriously. What the record does not yet show is that the layer saves frontier-model effort; the comparison that would test it, the same model on the same problem with and without the layer, has not been run.
What this means
Frontier-model time is scarce; about 2,700 entries make over three million pairs for cheap small models to sample. The owner pictures the layer as doing for a frontier model what attention does for a token; it is a design picture, not a tested result.
Frontier models wrote four mathematics manuscripts, each with a checker (a program recomputing its numbers), and a methods paper; as of October 14, 2026, no human mathematician has read them. The statement's "review of earlier results" means the reviews of earlier papers. The known costs are two $200-a-month subscriptions, per-token credits at times (the harness's share not separated) and the owner's graphics cards; no total is measured.
How it works, step by step
A program picks the entries
The first is drawn from a weighted random walk over the notebook's links. A second, for pair tasks, is drawn the same way and independently or, 35 percent of the time, from the quarter of the notebook farthest from it in meaning.
A small model writes candidates
Gemma 4 31B or 26B (Google) or Qwen3 32B (B: billions of parameters) gets a brief of each entry and one of five tasks: name a connection, a conflict or a small checkable statement for a pair; ask one entry's most basic unasked question, or name the known result it resembles. It answers in up to five one-line candidates with stated probabilities.
Code filters, with no model
Claims about zeta zeros that a numeric check refutes are dropped, and so are near-duplicates; the rest are scored and queued, at most 400 per model, and the lowest-scoring overflow is set aside, never deleted: the cap, not the filters, does the limiting.
Claude Opus 5 keeps a few
The judge, an Anthropic frontier model, reads batches from the queues under fixed rules expecting almost everything to be poor. It writes each kept entry itself, a median eleven times the length of the small model's line, linked to its sources, where later walks reach it.
Programs test some kept entries
For some kept entries, separate calls to the judge's model write checks, then a program run with no network; code grades it, and the result becomes an entry: evidence, not verification. The funnel's 291 counts such programs started by September 27; the 339 counts those on record on September 28.
The owner starts a session
He asks Claude Fable 5.1 (Anthropic) or GPT-6 Astra (OpenAI) to look at the harness's work and prove something. On September 28 a Claude Fable 5.1 session took a copy of the notebook (2,723 entries; 339 programs, 124 passed), found six chains of entries itself, scored each for being provable, non-trivial and rooted in the notebook, and chose one. The chains were assembled by kept entries linking to their sources, not by the walk.
August 11 to September 27, 2026
485,873 candidates written
22,464 read by the judge, about one in twenty
762 kept: about 3 in 100 of those it read, about one in 640 of all candidates written
291 programs started on kept entries
Logarithmic scale.
From a small model's ten words to a theorem, and who wrote each step
A Riesz basis behaves like an orthonormal basis up to fixed constants.
Four mathematics manuscripts and a methods paper
Origins in fullThe unfolded zeros of the Riemann zeta function do not form a Riesz basis of exponentials
Claude Fable 5.1 (Anthropic) proves it for the zeros counted with multiplicity, with no hypothesis, and for their distinct heights only when all but finitely many are simple. Its chain, above, is the only one from a small model's line to a theorem its paper says answers the notebook's question.
Approximate Antiunitary Symmetry as a Matching Problem
GPT-6 Astra (OpenAI) shows that, for commuting Hermitian matrices, approximate antiunitary symmetry reduces exactly to a weighted matching of their joint eigenvalues, counted with multiplicity. Its motivation is five notebook entries, two written by the judge on small-model lines; its main theorem is the writing session's reformulation.
Maximal Coherence for Prescribed Intrinsic Populations and Youla Values: Two Questions of Gil
Claude Fable 5.1 (Anthropic) answers two questions J. J. Gil posed in Entropy 28(8):877; the second answer's inequality is, according to its zbMATH review, a case of Mathias (1992). The questions surfaced while frontier models reviewed the antiunitary paper; no step of the note's mathematics came from the harness.
A dividing-plane barrier in the OpenAI forced Navier-Stokes blow-up construction
Claude Fable 5.1 (Anthropic) proves, within the leading-order equations of OpenAI's manuscript "Finite Time Blowup for Navier-Stokes" (a PDF on OpenAI's site, September 8, 2026, no arXiv identifier), the explanation that manuscript gives in words for making its collapsing vortex slightly asymmetric. It comes from frontier-model sessions on that manuscript; no small model's line is among its sources.
Self-Grading Without Self-Deception: Verdict Discipline for a Long-Running Mathematical Research Agent
Claude Fable 5 (Anthropic) wrote it about the harness's conduct; it claims no mathematics.
What is known, and what is not
One test showed the small models each move of the OpenAI manuscript's construction without its reason. On that test the small models did not supply the reason behind any move, in 16,018 lines; the owner reads this as what a coverage layer should be expected to do.
- Measured, and consistent with the aim
- On that test a hit was a line stating what a move depends on; their stated probability averaged 0.59 on hits and 0.27 on misses, but 0.44 on the 28 hits that went beyond the prompt, below the near-misses' 0.51.
- Not shown, or against
- A cost-matched version of the statement's comparison was designed and registered on August 13, 2026, not built, waiting on the owner's go, which he deferred that day until the harness is built out and running steadily. Blind draws from what the cap set aside were kept 3.4 percent of the time, queue draws 3.1 percent: no step of the layer has yet been shown to beat a blind draw. The judge itself spends frontier-model time.
Check it, or take part
Each manuscript's source, reviews with the written answer to each finding, and checkers with their recorded output are here and at github.com/dross50/hypnos-papers with SHA-256 fingerprints; the harness's log is private.
The owner would like to know what you make of any result here. A few words are enough: right, wrong, known, minor, worth a look, or not your area. In his words: "If it is right I want it in the record." If it is wrong, the page is corrected the same day and you are told; if it is already known, the page credits the earlier work.
Write to david@hypnosmath.org. He reads and answers replies himself; an error you find is fixed in the published files and on this site the same day, and you are told; nothing you send is given to any AI model without your permission.
Latest figures
The latest figures reached this site on , with the loop running; a new summary arrives about every ten minutes.